pam sir! malai rupak g nabhannu hai ma ta tapai bhanda nikai sann0 chu! bhai bhannu bhay0 bhane baru sar0 khusi hunethye ma! aantya ma tapai ra mer0 sahamati bhay0 haina ta? jai kirat jai nepal! * thikai cha tapaile tyati kura bhandinu bhay0 ma jast0 galat s0ch rakhne sabai k0 bichar prastyaunu bhay0 dhanyabaad! ra y0 sunuwar.0rg n0n pr0fitable website rahek0 ma maa sarai khusi chu! at least tapai le ta kehi y0gdan gardai hunu huncha sunuwar haru k0 uthank0 lagi! tyask0 lagi dhanyabaad! aani euta salute pani! /~o~ jai kirat jai nepal!

I am agree with you Rupak g, jasto tapai ko soch ho mero pani tai ho yadi ma besh gayara bhannu pareyo bahni 100% sure ma jai nepal nai bhanchhu ..... ma jai kirat pakka pani bhandina............... ani cash ko kura... na ta ma e-biz ko barema sikeko chhu nata ma kunai training leyako chhu … tesaile malai khasai yesko barema gyan pani chhaina, j hos click and ads pani chhaian rss le pani cover gareko chhaina tesaile cash ko ta kura nai bhayana, yadi kunai ad ayama ya kunai khalko sahayog mile sunuwar.org lai ajh jhan prababsali banayara laijana sahayog pugni chha .

tapai ko kura ko samman garchu pam sir!
tara malai k laghca bhane jaba hamro pura nepal ko nai aastito yo sansar bata hatnu thaleko cha bhane hami sunuwar ho bhannu ma k garwa garnu ra haina?
pahila desh bannu paryo aani matra po sansarko samu hami sunuwar ho bhanne garwa garnu payincha ta!
hami kirati ho bhanaula re sansarle kundesh ko bhanera sodhda nepal ko bhannu parcha haina ra??
tapai ko kura pani sahi nai ho!
aafno jaati ko swabhimaan ko kura ho!
milo mato herda "JAI KIRAT, JAI NEPAL" bhannu parne awastha aayo haina ta??

aani tyo "thats some good way of earning money" bhanna le ni pam sir, maile pani e-biz ko barema kehi sikeko thye bhannu khojeko k!
clicks and adds haina ta??
tara adds chai bhetina maile tapaiko RSS le cover garnu bhayeko ho??

nothing personal hai pam sir!!

JAI KIRAT,
JAI NEPAL
/^o^
salute!

thats some good way of earning money hai pam sir!
and i wont prefer to say jai kirat!
i dont like my desh to be broken into many pieces!
aafno aafno bichar ho!
hass ta!
salute!
/^o^
JAI NEPAL

thnkyo pam sir!
ya i checked it and it worked!
you are very helpful sir!
thankyou!
hav gr8 time!!

rupak raj sunuwar thugucha:

सर्बप्रथम हजुरको सल्लकोलागि धेरै धेरै धन्यबाद।  जस्तो तपाईले भन्नु भएको छ user प्रोफाइल त्यो पनि छ, तर एक चोटी comment गरे पछि फेरि फेरि user name email add हरु चाही नमग्नु पर्ने हो । यदि कि त cookies clear  हुनु पर्‍यो या कि त  अर्कै computer या browser अर्कै चलाउनु पर्‍यो तेस्तो problem आउनुलाई, तेसैले मैले प्रोफाइल login option websiteमा राखेको छैन। तर guestbookको लगि  चही हजुरहरुले पटक पटक info type गर्नु पर्ने हुन्छ। कृपय एक चोटि try गरि हेर्नुस मैले भनेको जस्तो हुन्छ कि हुदैन अनी feedback दिनु होल धन्यबाद ^ Jai Kirat

admin
i request you to make this sunuwar.org a social site!
everytime we try to comment on gallery or articles or we try to write on guest book we are compeled write our name and e-id so if we can get our own profile in this site then this boredome will be solved!

and those things written below by lal rapcha sir, kirateswor, and shankar sunuwar thuguch are very true!!
i support you sirs!!!
/^o^
jai nepal

hay, you guys are awesome.... great work. Genuinely respecting effort your effort.

Keep on. Thank you very much

Civilization and Culture during Kiratas
---------------------------------------

When the Roman Empire was at the zenith of its power in Europe, the Kiratas were ruling vast swaths of the mountainous land in the Himalayas from their capital in Kathmandu valley. The Kiratas cleared the forest and started the human civilization in the valley. The Kirat dynasty was a Golden period in Nepal's history. The presence of non-Sanskrit speaking in the Kathmandu Valley since long before its Lichchhavi takeover around the first century AD is now accepted as proof of developed state of the valley during the Kirat rule.The Department of Archaeology is currently excavating an ancient Kirati religious site near Kwalakhu in Patan.

During the rule of the Kiratas, Nepal made considerable progress in the field of art and architecture, trade and commerce. The Kiratis were not only good warriors but also good administrators. Men and women were treated equally. Criminals were given severe punishment. For the administration of justice, law-courts were established at several places-Kuther, Shuli, Lingual, Mapchok, etc.
Trade and commerce flourished under the Kiratas. Nepal had trade relations with Tibet, China and India. The exports of Nepal mainly consisted of wool, woolen goods, wood and herbs. Kautilya, in his 'Arthasastra', says that Nepali woolen blankets were very popular in the market of Magadha (Bihar in modern India). This is how the term Nepal came to exist. Suniti Kumar Chatterji, the Chairman of the Asiatic Society and a professor at the Calcutta University in India, has verified this historical fact that the term Nepal is derived from the Tibetan language Nebal meaning "a house of wool".

People took more interest in business than in agriculture. Because of its economic prosperity, people from different places, of different tribes and races came to Nepal and settled down. Thus, the people having different customs and practices all merged into a nation. This resulted in the development of a new culture of its own. The cultural and religious life of the people was highly developed under the Kiratas, The main religion of the Kiratas was Shivaite. They worshiped Lord Shiva, serpents, trees, stones etc. The images of Kirateswar Mahadev and Birupakshya show the standard of architecture of the Kiratas. There was also no sign of caste discrimination under the Kirat administration.

Buddhism also flourished under the Kiratas. Prince Siddhartha Gautama (Lord Buddha) visited Kathmandu valley with his several disciples during the rule of the 7th Kirati King Jitedasti. The stupas, pagodas, and temples were all built on the model of Buddhist art.

The Kiratas developed a number of towns. The thickly populated centers were Malatirtha, Shankhamul, Thankot, Khopung (Bhaktapur), Khopase, Sanga, Teku, etc. Nepal exchanged its culture and civilization with India, Tibet and China. The introduced of Buddhism brought intellectual awakening among the people. In this way, the foundation of the vast structure of the Nepalese culture was laid down under the Kiratas. Indeed, this period can be regarded as the forerunner of the future development of the Nepalese society in all aspects.

Historical record and closely studied on city & town planning, layout and old buildings in the Kathmandu valley showed that Kirat were civilized people of ancient Nepal. Kirati people used Brick-stone-metal-wooden to build unique architectures like "Kailaskut Bhawan". Kirat have 18 unique skills like brick, wood, metal, textile, farming, bamboo, building builder, livestock, fish farming, homeopathy, medicine, weaponry, pottery, carving, paper producing etc.

Professor Sudarshan Raj Tiwari (The brick and the bull: an account of Handigaun, the ancient capital of Nepal, 2002 ) said that Kirati people used to have Law & Order, rules &r regulation, government & justice systems. Tiwari wrote, "When the Kiratas arrived in the Kathmandu Valley from their ancestral homeland(Sapta Sindhu), they brought along with them the knowledge of the 18 building trade groups, among these the art of brick building, water tanks, drainage system etc. that build ancient Kathmandu."

The discovery of 2nd century BC brick construction by the Italian excavation team near the Satyanarayan temple gives conclusive proof that the Kiratas had advanced knowledge of brick construction. They also brought their religion. Terracota figurines of humped bulls and matrika sculptures suggest Saiva and mother goddess worship was prevalent among the local population. Whereas the Gopalas and Mahispalas were thought to have followed Vedic Hinduism with Vaisnavite inclination, the Kiratas were thought to be the followers of Shiva. Kirateswore Sivalinga and proto-Lichchvi Kali of Aryaghat are indicative of Sivaite following among Kiratas. (Tiwari, 2002)

Sudarshan Raj Tiwari (Temples of the Nepal Valley, 2009) states the Bal Kumari mandir of Chyagal, Patan, was originally a Kirati temple. Apparently, there are many temples around Patan that date back to Kirati times and are rectangular in shape. They usually house Bhairav and Bhimsen, as well as Bal-Kumari Ajima and other mother goddesses which the Kirants worshiped. They are said to have been renovated during the Malla times. This was uncovered by the design and the materials used to make the temple which was studied extensively by the researchers led by professor Tiwari himself and the UNSCEO team.
Historically pre-Chistian era the Pasupatinath Temple have its origin away back to the early Kirat period. Stone sculptures found in the vicinity support the antiquity of this place. The Pashupatinath temple was later renovated and modified during the Licchavi period after overthrowing the Kirat dynasty. Pashupatinath temple is surrounded by a many other temples like the Kirateswore Mahadev, Bhairav, Guheswori also link to Kirat period.

Patan is famous for its collection of masterpieces, the fantastically carved temples, palace courtyards, water spouts, public baths and houses with their elaborate wood, stone a and metal carvings. Newar scholar Mr Amrit Ratna Tuladhar mentions based on the ancient Nepali history "Kirat king Yalambar founded the city of Patan. During his time the petty kingdom was known as Yala, a nomenclature presented or given in praise of the Kirat king. However the term of "Yala" has today entered the Nepal Bhasa (Newari) vocabulary referred to or addressing the city nestled in the southern part of Nepal Valley". The city was later
later expanded by Lichhavis in the sixth century. It was further expanded by the Mallas during the medieval period. Today Patan is listed as World Heritage Site by UNESCO.

Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is the knowledge produced by a particular cultural group or any loosely defined resource users group in a given area. The researches have found that around 1,600 plant species have been used for the treatments of diverse ailments and that Kirat Nationalities alone use about 400 medicinal plant species for treatment. Kamal Maden and the team carried out research on IK and this was based on the study conducted between the Kirat clans - Rai, Yakkha, Limbu and Sunuwar. For more access about Indigenous Knowledge (IK), Google "Documentation of Indigenous Knowledge, Skill and Practices of Kirata Nationalities with Special Focus on Biological Resources"

Kirat also gave the Nepalese the festival of Tihar & Deusi Bhailo which the Kirati King Balihang is accredited with. This clearly demonstrates that Kirat period(900 BC to 300 AD) was a Golden Period in Nepal history. But today Nepal is in a verge of being a failure state. The New Constitution of Nepal that is currently being drafted must give equal opportunities regardless of race or your caste. Only then Nepal will succeed.

Source:

Temples of the Nepal valley By Sudarshan Raj Tiwari, 2009

Fragile Mountains By MK Limbu, 2005

The brick and the bull: an account of Handigaun, the ancient capital of Nepal
By Sudarshan Raj Tiwari, 2002

The ancient settlements of the Kathmandu Valley By Sudarshan Raj Tiwari, 2001

A Cultural History of the North-East India: [The Kiratas (Bodo etc.) By B. Chakravarti, 2000

In The Kingdom Of The Gods By Desmond Doig, 1999

Politics of Culture: A Study of Three Kirata Communities in the Eastern Himalayas By
Tanka Bahadur Subba, 1999

Social history of Nepal By Tulasi Rama Vaidya, Triratna Manandhara, Shankar Lal Joshi, 1993

The Kiratas in Ancient India By G.P Singh, 1990

Kirata-jana-krti (The Indo-Mongoloids-The Contribution To The History And Culture Of India)
By Suniti Kumar Chatterji, 1974

Ancient Nepal By D. R. Regmi, 1969

History of Nepal By Shew Shunker Singh, Gunanand and Daniel Wright, 1966

Read some of this and you will have more clarifications and knowledge of Kirat and history of ancient Nepal.